How to beatChineseas Ottomans

Ottomans don't have as many food issues, especially with military schools producing free units passively nonstop. That's one reason they match up well against food-reliant civs like Chinese.

Against Chinese mass archers, Ottomans should produce Sapahi from military schools rather than splitting into men-at-arms. Sapahi are your king to deal with archers.

Nest of Bees without the Astronomical Clocktower bonus are less oppressive. Sapahi are excellent at sniping siege — their extra range allows them to hit past spearmen.

Nest of Bees beat massed Springalds. That's just a fact.

The Ottoman deathball composition — Sapahi, Janissaries, Men-at-Arms, Springalds, and Great Bombard — is extremely hard for China to deal with once it forms.